From Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics (Book I, Chapter 7) "If, then, there is some end of the things we do, which we desire for its own sake (everything else being desired for the sake of this), and if we do not choose everything for the sake of something else (for at that rate the process would go on to infinity, so that our desire would be empty and vain), clearly this must be the good and the chief good. Will not the knowledge of it, then, have a great influence on life? Shall we not, like archers who have a mark to aim at, be more likely to hit upon what we should? If so, we must try, in outline at least, to determine what it is, and of which of the sciences or capacities it is the object." In the passage from Nicomachean Ethics, Aristotle posits that there must exist an ultimate end or "chief good" toward which all human actions are directed. This concept forms the cornerstone of his ethical philosophy, where the pursuit of this ultimate end is not just a theoretical exercise but a practical guide for living a fulfilling life. Aristotle asserts that identifying this chief good is crucial because it provides a clear target, akin to an archer aiming at a mark, which in turn, guides all human endeavors. This essay argues that Aristotle’s underlying meaning is a profound reflection on the nature of purpose, rationality, and the essential role of ethics in achieving a good life. Through this lens, Aristotle’s emphasis on a singular, ultimate good reveals his belief in the teleological nature of human existence—that every action and choice is purposeful, leading us toward a well-defined end that constitutes the essence of a life well-lived. At the heart of Aristotle’s argument is the notion that all human activities are goal-oriented. He begins by acknowledging the inherent purposefulness of human actions, suggesting that people engage in various pursuits, whether they are mundane tasks or grand projects, with specific ends in mind. These ends, Aristotle argues, are often pursued for the sake of something else—money is earned to buy necessities, education is sought to gain knowledge, and so on. However, he introduces a critical distinction: not all ends are equal. There exists a hierarchy of ends, with some serving as means to other ends. If this hierarchy were infinite, it would lead to an absurdity where human desire becomes futile—“empty and vain”—as there would be no ultimate satisfaction, no final end. Therefore, Aristotle asserts the necessity of a final end or chief good, something that is desired for its own sake and not for the sake of something else. This chief good is the ultimate purpose of human life, the point at which all actions and desires converge. Aristotle’s insistence on the existence of a chief good is rooted in his teleological view of nature, where everything in existence has a purpose or function (telos). For humans, this telos is closely linked to rationality, which distinguishes us from other beings. Rationality, according to Aristotle, is the defining characteristic of human nature, and thus, the chief good must be something that fulfills this rational aspect of our being. This leads him to conclude that the highest good for humans is eudaimonia, often translated as "happiness" or "flourishing." However, eudaimonia in the Aristotelian sense is not merely a state of being but an activity—an active expression of virtue in accordance with reason. It is the full realization of human potential, where one lives in harmony with one’s rational nature, consistently making choices that reflect moral and intellectual virtues. In this context, Aristotle’s analogy of the archer is particularly illuminating. Just as an archer needs a target to focus his efforts and measure his success, humans need a clear understanding of the chief good to guide their actions. Without such a target, our choices and actions would lack direction, leading to a disordered and ultimately unsatisfying life. This analogy underscores the practical importance of ethics in Aristotle’s philosophy—it is not enough to know what is good; one must actively aim for it in life. Ethics, therefore, becomes the science of determining this target and the means to achieve it, guiding individuals toward eudaimonia. Moreover, Aristotle’s argument highlights the relationship between knowledge and ethical action. He contends that understanding the chief good is essential for living well, as it allows one to make informed decisions that align with this ultimate end. This knowledge is not merely theoretical but practical, influencing every aspect of life, from the choices we make daily to the overall direction of our lives. In this sense, ethics is not an abstract discipline but a practical guide to achieving the highest form of human life. Aristotle’s view contrasts sharply with the relativism of his time (and ours), which might suggest that the good life is subjective or that any pursuit could be considered equally valid. For Aristotle, there is an objective chief good that is rooted in human nature and rationality, and it is the task of philosophy to discern this good and how to achieve it. Furthermore, Aristotle’s exploration of the chief good raises important questions about the nature of fulfillment and satisfaction. If the chief good is something that we desire for its own sake, it must be intrinsically fulfilling—an end that, once achieved, leaves nothing more to be desired. This conception of fulfillment is not hedonistic; it is not about the pursuit of pleasure or the avoidance of pain. Instead, it is about achieving a state of being that is in complete harmony with one’s nature and reason. This state is characterized by the exercise of virtue, which Aristotle defines as a disposition to act in ways that balance extremes—courage, for example, lies between recklessness and cowardice. The virtuous person, in Aristotle’s view, finds joy in living according to reason and virtue, and this joy is the truest form of happiness. Aristotle’s emphasis on virtue also points to the social and communal aspects of the chief good. Human beings, as Aristotle notes elsewhere in the Nicomachean Ethics, are social animals, and our flourishing is deeply connected to our relationships with others. The chief good, therefore, cannot be achieved in isolation; it requires participation in a community where virtues can be practiced and nurtured. Friendship, justice, and civic engagement are all essential components of a life aimed at the chief good, as they provide the context in which virtuous actions can be expressed and cultivated. Aristotle’s ethics, therefore, is not just about individual happiness but about the well-being of the community as a whole. In conclusion, Aristotle’s discussion of the chief good in the Nicomachean Ethics reveals a profound and coherent vision of human purpose and fulfillment. By asserting the existence of a final end toward which all actions are directed, Aristotle provides a framework for understanding the nature of ethical action and the role of reason in achieving the highest form of life. The chief good, as Aristotle conceives it, is not a mere theoretical construct but a practical guide for living—a target that gives direction and meaning to our lives. Through the exercise of virtue and reason, individuals can achieve eudaimonia, the fullest expression of human potential and the ultimate goal of human existence. Aristotle’s ethical philosophy, with its emphasis on purpose, rationality, and virtue, remains a powerful and relevant guide for anyone seeking to live a life of meaning and fulfillment.

Understanding the nature of our universe is one of the most profound and compelling endeavors of human inquiry. The quest to unravel the mysteries of the cosmos is not just about satisfying our curiosity; it is about understanding our place in the grand scheme of existence, uncovering the fundamental laws that govern reality, and exploring the possibilities that lie beyond the limits of our current knowledge. The importance of this endeavor is rooted in its potential to transform our understanding of the world, inspire technological and scientific advancements, and address some of the most pressing challenges facing humanity. First and foremost, working to better understand the universe helps us grasp the fundamental principles that govern everything from the smallest particles to the largest cosmic structures. The universe operates according to laws that, while consistent and universal, often defy our everyday experiences and intuitions. Concepts like quantum mechanics, general relativity, and the expanding universe reveal a reality that is far more complex and intriguing than what we perceive with our senses. By studying these principles, we not only expand our understanding of the cosmos but also uncover the underlying order that shapes our existence. This knowledge is crucial because it provides the foundation upon which all scientific and technological progress is built. Moreover, the pursuit of knowledge about the universe has historically led to groundbreaking discoveries that have revolutionized our world. For example, the understanding of electromagnetism, initially driven by a desire to understand the nature of light and the forces that govern it, paved the way for the development of modern electronics, communication technologies, and medical imaging devices. Similarly, the study of quantum mechanics has led to the development of semiconductors, lasers, and quantum computing. By striving to understand the universe, we often stumble upon new ideas and technologies that have the potential to change the course of human history. Beyond practical applications, understanding the universe also has profound philosophical and existential implications. Throughout history, humans have sought to answer fundamental questions about our existence: Where did we come from? What is our purpose? What is the fate of the universe? These questions are intrinsically tied to our understanding of the cosmos. For instance, the discovery of the Big Bang theory provided a scientific explanation for the origin of the universe, while the study of dark matter and dark energy raises questions about the ultimate fate of the cosmos. By exploring the universe, we gain insights into these deep questions, which can shape our worldview and influence how we see ourselves and our place in the universe. In addition to expanding our knowledge and addressing philosophical questions, understanding the universe can also inspire a sense of wonder and awe that transcends cultural, religious, and ideological boundaries. The beauty and vastness of the cosmos have the power to unite people in a shared sense of curiosity and reverence for the unknown. This shared experience can foster a sense of global citizenship and collective responsibility to preserve our planet and explore the universe peacefully and cooperatively. To contribute to the effort of understanding the universe, I hope to employ several key ideas and concepts that have emerged from modern scientific research. One of the most important concepts is the idea of unification in physics. Throughout history, scientists have sought to unify seemingly disparate phenomena under a single theoretical framework. For example, Isaac Newton unified the laws of motion and gravity, while James Clerk Maxwell unified electricity and magnetism. In the 20th century, the unification of quantum mechanics and special relativity led to the development of quantum field theory. Today, the quest for a unified theory that can reconcile general relativity and quantum mechanics—often referred to as the theory of everything—is one of the most ambitious goals in physics. By working toward this unification, we can hope to develop a more comprehensive understanding of the universe, one that integrates all known forces and particles into a single coherent framework. Another concept that I hope to explore is the idea of emergence. Emergence refers to the phenomenon where complex systems and patterns arise from the interactions of simpler components. In the context of the universe, emergence plays a crucial role in everything from the formation of galaxies to the behavior of biological organisms. Understanding how complex structures emerge from fundamental interactions can provide insights into the nature of the universe at both the macroscopic and microscopic levels. It can also shed light on the origins of life and consciousness, two of the most profound mysteries in science. Additionally, I am interested in the concept of symmetry, which has been a guiding principle in many areas of physics. Symmetry refers to the idea that certain properties of a system remain unchanged under specific transformations. Symmetry principles have been instrumental in the development of theories such as the Standard Model of particle physics, which describes the fundamental particles and forces that make up the universe. Exploring the role of symmetry in the universe can help us understand why the universe has the structure it does and why certain physical laws hold across different scales and conditions. Furthermore, the concept of computational thinking is becoming increasingly important in the study of the universe. With the advent of powerful computers and sophisticated algorithms, we can now simulate complex systems and analyze vast amounts of data in ways that were previously unimaginable. Computational models allow us to test hypotheses, explore scenarios, and make predictions about the behavior of the universe. By leveraging computational thinking, we can gain new insights into the dynamics of cosmic phenomena, from the formation of stars and galaxies to the evolution of the universe itself. Finally, I believe that interdisciplinary collaboration is essential for advancing our understanding of the universe. The universe is a complex, multifaceted system that cannot be fully understood through the lens of a single discipline. By bringing together insights from physics, astronomy, mathematics, computer science, biology, and even philosophy, we can develop a more holistic understanding of the cosmos. Interdisciplinary approaches can also lead to the cross-pollination of ideas, where concepts from one field inspire breakthroughs in another. In conclusion, working to better understand the nature of our universe is a deeply important endeavor that has the potential to transform our understanding of reality, inspire technological advancements, and address fundamental philosophical questions. By exploring concepts such as unification, emergence, symmetry, computational thinking, and interdisciplinary collaboration, we can hope to uncover new truths about the cosmos and our place within it. The pursuit of this knowledge is not only a testament to human curiosity and ingenuity but also a crucial step toward building a future where we better understand, appreciate, and responsibly engage with the universe we inhabit.

I view success as a complex idea that goes beyond simple accomplishments or recognition. It is the achievement of my goals on the personal and professional fronts, the realization of my potential, and the influence I have on others. Living a life that is in line with my principles, making a constructive contribution to society, developing personally, and enjoying the process as much as the final goal are the keys to success. I view success as a complex idea that goes beyond simple accomplishments or recognition. It is the achievement of my goals on the personal and professional fronts, the realization of my potential, and the influence I have on others. Living a life that is in line with my principles, making a constructive contribution to society, developing personally, and enjoying the process as much as the final goal are the keys to success. My idea of success is centered on my desire to change the world in a significant way. This entails applying my abilities, wisdom, and experiences to tackle issues in the actual world, especially those that impact the most marginalized groups. For instance, I have personally witnessed the significant effects that mental health concerns may have on teenagers thanks to my work on the mental disorders project. This encounter strengthened my resolve to promote mental health awareness and offer assistance to those in need. In this context, success entails helping to dispel the stigma associated with mental health and making sure that more teenagers have access to the resources and care they require. For me, ongoing development on the intellectual and personal levels is also essential to succeed. I think that to excel in life, one must always be learning. This could be from formal schooling, career advancement, or life events that make me question my beliefs and encourage critical and imaginative thought. Whether it's managing a team, working through a challenging situation, or venturing outside of my comfort zone to attempt something new, I regard every obstacle as a chance to learn and develop. Success entails a lifetime of learning, continuous evolution, and adaptation to the dynamic environment we live in. Success requires not only changing the world and developing personally but also creating a sense of community and deep connections. My participation in several groups, including the Math Honor Society and the Indian American Student Association, has taught me that the connections we make along the way are just as significant as the accomplishments of our objectives. Success is having a network of encouraging, motivating people around me who push me to be the best version of myself and with whom I can share my victories and failures. The goal is to establish a community in which each individual feels encouraged to participate, respected, and included. This is a critical change that will help me realize my success vision. First of all, it fits with my objective of improving society. This trip will give me the tools I need to confront the issues I'm passionate about, whether it is through the research and knowledge I receive, the skills I build, or the people I meet. It will provide me with a platform to promote causes like mental health awareness and provide recommendations for ways to make a difference in the lives of people who most need them. In addition, this change will push me to advance both intellectually and personally. It will challenge me to use critical thinking, creativity to solve challenges and effective communication—skills necessary for any leader or change agent. Being able to work on real-world problems, interact with subject matter experts, and cooperate with like-minded peers will be invaluable in helping me develop into a more competent, kind, and knowledgeable person. I see this as a growth-promoting event that is giving me the abilities, self-assurance, and fortitude I need to overcome any obstacles that I face. Finally, I will be able to forge and deepen relationships with others who are as passionate about changing the world as I am thanks to this chance. Together, with those who share our commitment to bringing about positive change, I think we can accomplish more than any one of us could on our own. I'll be able to broaden my network, pick up knowledge from others, and add to a group of people who are committed to improving the world through this experience. To sum up, I believe that success is about having a significant influence, developing continuously, and creating enduring bonds with people. This will be a crucial opportunity for me to realize that vision since it will give me the connections, knowledge, and abilities I need to make my dreams come true.