When I was a little kid, I thought that environmental science was about plants and animals and abiotic elements that don't include people. As I've grown and started studying Ecosystems and Environmental Sciences at Washington State University, I've realized how little that is the case. My attitude on people interacting with the environment has also dramatically shifted. Improvements to water quality, to air quality, to environmental diversity and more directly improve my life and the lives of my family and everyone I know. Environmental science is about how people interact with the environment, now how to get them to stop. I want to be a restoration ecologist. Restoration ecology is rarely about "fixing" places that humans changed and then left, and it virtually never involves reducing human interaction with the environment that they live in. Instead, restoration ecology is about changing how it is that people interact with their environment. Stream restoration to add buffers in the riparian zone isn't about convincing landowners whose land the stream flows through to stop using the stream, but instead convincing them that stronger banks mean fewer particles and nutrients eroding into the river and increasing water quality of both the stream but the aquifer connected to it. In restoration ecology (likely somewhere in the Pacific Northwest) I want to focus on the people of the communities that I live and work in. I can think "what is best for all of us?" because what is best for people over the course of an entire generation is almost always what is best for the environment that they live in. Stream ecology is of particular interest to me because streams are connected to so much. They are important habitats for obviously fish and amphibians, but also aquatic mammals and many invertebrates and birds. Rivers, streams and creeks are connected to riparian zones, which provide more environmental niches as well as potentially providing a buffer to protect the stream against erosion and nutrient creep from sources such as fertilizer. Streams are also connected to aquifers, and aquifers are where people pump most of our water for farming, sewage, and drinking amongst other things. Poor stream quality will trickle into those aquifers and lower the quality of the water people have available to them. Streams also provide recreation for people and a place to cool off on hot days and spent time outdoors with others. All of these things tie people and the environment together and are why I think they are so important. Water will sneak its way into anything given enough time and are why I believe we should take care of our water bodies. I grew up in northwestern Washington, a place with a mix of suburban and rural, agriculture and industry. All of these places and different types of people require water, clean air, and rely on predictable weather patterns as far away as British Columbia and the Cascade mountains. Everybody interacts with their environment and I believe that it is my job to work with my fellow people to help ensure that the environment, and thus their lives, is as healthy as it can be.

Spring of my junior year of high school was a rough time for me personally. I had mild depression which resulted in a loss of motivation in school and personal activities. Unfortunately, it all started just over a week after school soccer started and greatly affected my first year playing varsity. The following year, though I had recovered completely, thinking about school soccer would always start to drag me down. I still loved playing soccer in general, it was school soccer specifically that had the effect on me. After a lot of thought, I eventually decided not to try out for my senior year on the first day of the season. That night I was convinced by a teammate and a coach to give it a shot, and that season ended up being one of the best experiences of my life. We beat the number one overall 3A team in the state, made it to the state tournament for the first time in thirty-nine years, and were finally knocked out by the defending champions in the second round. I am an environmental science major, and obviously soccer doesn't directly relate to my field of study. However, it did teach me a lesson that I can live my life by. Even if I stuck with my decision not to play, I would still have followed the team and known about their success, and I would have been furious I sat out. If I had given up before I was forced to quit, I would have missed out on everything. I didn't start most games as a senior, but I was there and aided my teammates. Don't quit because things get hard, achieving easy things in life brings little satisfaction. Thinking for months "I'm not going to be able to do this" and then doing it anyways will bring more fulfillment than little else. It's a mentality to live with in school and my career. I'm sure it's going to be hard sometimes; intimidating job interviews, difficult co-workers, a difficult class with a professor that doesn't bother to explain much. Any of these possibilities can and likely will happen, but that doesn't mean I have to let it shake me.

My favorite athlete to cheer for in the Olympics is Bobby Finke. I remember watching him in Toyko swim the 800m free and the shock as he suddenly swam past the top three in the last fifty meters to grab the gold for team USA. Nobody knew who he was before that swim, but everyone who was watching remembered him name afterwards. Underdog and comeback stories are often the most entertaining. People love watching movies like Remember the Titans and Rudy for a reason. It's why I debated writing about Simone Biles in this essay. But ultimately I chose Finke because he was a star born at the Olympics. I look up his Toyko races on YouTube every once in a while to relive the moments where Team USA grabbed golds nobody thought were in reach. In 2024 Finke got silver in the 800m, but I still believed until the very end that he would be able to blow past everyone after the last turn again to grab gold, and if it wasn't for a new swimmer he would have. And in the 1500m free, nobody has ever been better. I started laughing so hard when I saw the distance Paltrinieri was behind Finke tick upwards on the last stretch. It was like watching a clock tick, the distance increased so fast. In Toyko he was the underdog. In Paris, Finke led the entire way and still had gas left for his signature ending sprint. Bro also single handedly saved one hundred twenty-four years of dominance in men's Olympic swimming, grabbing the men's only individual gold. In an Olympics of some very frustrating swimming events for Americans, swimmers like Bobby Finke and Katie Ledecky stand out. Whereas our sprinters used to be America's gold medal winners, now our distance swimmers are the stars. In the LA games at home, I'm going to be nervous whenever the men take the water, except for the men's 1500m. Bobby Finke has been a torch shining in an Olympics of mediocre American men swimmers. He was the only one to defend American dignity and pride, and for that he has been my favorite American athlete to watch at these Olympics.

I set myself on path to a career outside from a very young age. Animals are fascinating to me, always have been and always will be. Some of my favorite moments in life involve seeing bison, or sloths, or giraffes in the wild. But it was a random guy on an airplane that cemented it for me. I was reading in the window seat, with my mom in the middle (sorry mom) and him on the aisle seat. He asked me what I was reading so late at night, so I showed him my National Geographic book on pufferfish. I was in kindergarten so my reading level wasn't the most advanced. I had a whole stack of National Geographic books for kids on the plane with me. After that I stopped paying attention to him and went back to my books. I was told afterwards by my mother that he asked for our address to send me something. A few days after we returned home an animal encyclopedia arrived and I've never looked back. Now, as a high schooler finished up his senior year I have been fortunate enough to see many of the creatures in that encyclopedia with my own eyes, and it never ceases to amaze me. Nor does it drive me nuts when the people I'm with don't share the same sense of wonder. It's not only the animals either. Sometimes I like to go outside and stare up at the stars. Every time, I'm always struck by how few there are. My ancestors used to look up at the same sky and see ten times the number I do. And when I hike to look at a waterfall, chances are at some point I will see a dam too. I never manage to see a sight without the reminder of human interference. That is, until I went on safari this past summer. I could look out, and see for miles and miles around with not a single sign of humanity in view except for our own jeep. They were some of the greatest days of my life as I saw the circle of life turn around me, entirely uncaring of my presence. I saw zebra eat grass, lions hunt zebra, and hyenas eating the remains of a lion kill, all in less than twenty-four hours of the trip. It was amazing, and while my life here is great, I almost wish I never had to leave. Perhaps in my job, I'll never have to. It's pretty incredible, what so many people fail to appreciate. I know so many people that would rather spend three hours scrolling through TikTok or Instagram reals than go on a hike to a waterfall. And the rain I find so refreshing chases virtually everybody indoors. The outdoors are full of constant movement, sounds, and excitement that should be able to stimulate the brain of even modern teenagers. And as an ecologist, I'm going to spend my whole career out there.

It was hard for me to think of a single book that encapsulates as many messages as possible, but ultimately I decided on Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury because he managed to write a science fiction novel that is now bordering on leaving fiction altogether. Perhaps this is a stereotypical answer, but when I read the novel for the first time I legitimately got nervous because of the parallels that can be traced to the real world. For starters, there is the lack of reading. Yes, reading is not outlawed in the real world, though there is a troubling amount of book banning in the country, but for many Americans it might as well be. People can go a year at a time without sitting down and reading a real book, and if they do chances are it is because of school. I can sit down and read a three-hundred page novel in a day and I genuinely believe that it has helped me become a better writer. I've analyzed many different styles, picked up on what does and doesn't sound professional, how to appeal to the emotions. Everybody has to write competently at some point, this scholarship being an example. I think that a lot of people could use a little lesson on the tangible benefits of reading more. The other major parallel I am going to use today is the constant speed and short attention spans. In Fahrenheit 451, road signs are 200 feet long because everybody is going so fast. In today's world online videos; many people's preferred way of getting news and information, are often under a minute long. Ray Bradbury was right, everybody wants to go faster, faster, faster and it's starting to mess people up. You have two seconds before many people scroll on and it's impossible to know what they could be missing. I think that our society as a whole needs to learn to slow down, and stop chasing the worthless dopamine rush of speed. Ray Bradbury did a frighteningly successful job at predicting certain aspects of future society. We now move faster than real comprehension, and are losing touch with the fundamental skills of reading and writing. My hope is that some people would see the troubling parallels between Fahrenheit 451 and their own lives, and try to make a switch.

I was thirteen when I was told that while it was true that my Grandpa several months earlier had laid down in bed and never got back up again, that version of the story left out the bullet he put through his brain. I loved my Grandpa, but despite everything that had been done to try to help him, he left me to help my mom through the aftermath of his choices, while I was simultaneously doing the same. I wasn't told for several months the truth of my Grandpa's death because my parents had to come to grips with telling their thirteen-year-old son such a harsh reality, but even while he was still alive I knew he suffered with managing his mental health. Looking back at the months and even years leading up to his death, I've learned a fundamental truth in life; you have to be willing to help yourself. My mother ran herself around to the point of depression trying to help her father, but he wasn't willing to help himself in return. There is a needed desire to not only live, but thrive that cannot be given to somebody. It has to be dredged out of their own mind. I've had the opportunity to apply this lesson in my own life. In the spring of the previous year, I dealt with an apathetic form of depression. For nearly three months total, I suffered from a constant lack of motivation to succeed in sports, school, or my friendships. But I never once considered suicide, nor did I ever attempt self-harm. I loved my family too much to leave them behind with that mess to sort out, and I didn't allow myself to consider the possibility. Twice I was sent to a therapist, but the sessions barely helped me, if at all. I had to be the one putting in the effort to get my mind right. This February, only a couple of months ago, I dealt with the last aftershocks of that constant apathy. Last year, it coincidentally lasted almost the entirety of my junior school soccer season, and my play suffered for it. My mind learned to associate school soccer with apathy, and so I almost didn't play this year. I didn't show on the first day of try-outs and was only convinced to come to the second day by the combined efforts of one of my coaches and a teammate. The next two weeks required me to be constantly aware of my mental state, and to force myself to be happy if I felt myself start to slip. Now, in early May, I'm perfectly fine. The support of other people is an absolute necessity with working through mental health. I have been lucky enough to have parents who have always been steadfast behind me, and friends I can rely on too. But my Grandpa taught me that I have to be willing to help myself too. Just like in soccer, I can't rely on teammates to win the game and have to contribute myself. While I think my Grandpa's death was rather meaningless, perhaps I can give it some meaning. Perhaps if I can attach this lesson to it, he'll still be teaching me for the rest of my life in an indirect way. Grandpa, I love you and I wish you were still here to see me graduate. But I won't let myself make the same mistakes you did.

I always try to keep my miles per gallon as high as possible while driving. I would absolutely love a hybrid or all-electric car, but new cars are too expensive in today's market. I'm a high school student and certainly don't have enough money to buy any car, but I was lucky enough that my parents could find a used car in good condition. When I have a steady job above minimum wage I'll certainly think about buying a hybrid at the very least, but at the moment all I can do is use as little gas as possible. Typical financial situations are important to consider when making carbon-reducing policies. I also recycle whenever I can and try to make sure that no garbage gets into the recycling can. I know that just a little garbage in with the recycling and the entire can has to be thrown out. Tape has to be ripped off of cardboard boxes, wrappers have to be taken off of bottles or anything else. The lack of ability for our system to sort garbage out of recycling is something that gets me pissed off because that feels like something that can be fixed. We have AI and algorithms on social media that can read users to a tee, but we can't sort our recycling. Untold millions of tons have been added to landfills when they should have been going to recycling. I think it's important to reduce my personal carbon imprint because of the impact that it has on my own quality of life. The increased levels of carbon in our atmosphere have completely derailed our planet's weather patterns to the point where cities are being devastated by floods, and places all around the globe are setting record drought levels. While where I live isn't in any sort of drought, we do get a lot of our food from California, and when California doesn't have enough water, it means that food prices start to go up. The systems our civilizations are built on are designed around the world acting a certain way, and when the world starts acting a different way natural disasters we aren't ready for start happening. Perhaps current problems will get easier after 2080 when global populations are expected to peak, but 2080 won't help most people alive today. Ordinary people need to get involved in reducing their carbon footprints today if we want to end these seemingly constant droughts and fires before we're all senior citizens. Previous generations have put off dealing with the environment for as long as they can, and now it's up to Gen Z onwards to deal with the problems they couldn't.

Our oceans cover 70 percent of our planet and are the biggest natural controller of our climate. When Antarctica froze it messed up ocean currents so much that there was an extinction event. The oceans are also the single largest carbon sink on the planet, greater than anything we could likely build and produces 50 percent of all oxygen on the planet. On top of all of this, anywhere from 50 to 80 percent of all life on Earth lives in the ocean. The most biodiverse habitat underwater; the coral reef, is extremely sensitive to changes in the Earth's temperature. Reefs like the Great Barrier are wonders of the world and humans could be single-handedly responsible for killing them. When animals become adapted to specific climates, we can't screw those climates up even a little bit. Plastic in our oceans is in a way almost as big a threat as our changing ocean currents. Plastic can take up to five hundred years to decompose, which means that plastic dumped into our oceans today could continue to kill wildlife well past 2500. Plastic can kill for over twice as long as America has been a country. Some species can't afford to lose members to something like getting tangled up in plastic from a six-pack. There aren't enough whales, sea turtles, sea birds, dolphins, sharks, and everything else that Earth can afford to lose them to trash. I want to pursue a degree in ecology so I can help reverse habitat loss and everything always ties back to the oceans. I'm a firm believer that with the right help in a few specific places, Mother Nature can right her own ship and I believe one of if not the biggest places we can do this is with phytoplankton. The biggest problem to the environment since industrialization has been the influx of carbon into the atmosphere. Since phytoplankton is the biggest remover of carbon from the atmosphere, it makes sense to increase phytoplankton populations. I know that we have to be careful with maneuvers like dramatically increasing the population of something so crucial to the food chain. This whole problem was created by humans messing with the climate, messing with it more could make things worse. And the greatest mass extinction event of all time; the "Great Dying" of the Permian, was caused by an overwhelming increase in phytoplankton populations. But something has to be done and I think phytoplankton could be a great place to start. Phytoplankton levels have been dropping for the past thirty years, not only in the oceans but in freshwater too. Everything in the climate comes back to the oceans and everything that happens in the oceans comes back to the climate. This means that work to protect the oceans doesn't have to be limited only to past the shore, that scope is too limited. Everything that happens on land affects the oceans too, and that's where I want to focus. Our lakes, rivers and ponds also have to be protected to save the ocean. We can't think too small.

I live in Western Washington, and I consider myself very lucky that I do so. Despite climate change, the weather around my home as stayed fairly normal throughout the year - rain for 9 months, be nice for 3. However, it isn't entirely the same; dry months are drier and wet months are wetter. And not this year, but more recent years, there have been major smoke problems in August. Everywhere else I look is either on fire (California, Oregon, British Columbia, Australia, etc.) flooding (Derna) a three year long El Nina, drought (east Africa, south Asia, Australia, etc.) extreme temperatures, and so on. I also fully believe that the problems will be fixed or at least largely mitigated by the time I die. Environmental science is an expanding field and to be blunt, the boomers are dying off. There are a few key issues that need to be addressed that would go a long way. We need to find a way to sink carbon back into the ocean so it doesn't clog up our atmosphere. We need to find a way for sustainable energy to be cheap and affordable so that semi-developed countries like India and China and easily reduce their carbon footprint. And we need to identify keystone species to protect so that Mother Nature can repair herself with minimal effort on our part. I think society as a whole needs to step back and look at the larger picture. Paper straws aren't going to solve anything, because plastic straws aren't the main problem. I want to get out into the field so I can help identify the keystone parts of our ecosystems. I think humans need to trust that Mother Nature has run things perfectly fine for the past several billion years and that if we plug the biggest holes the ship should right itself for the most part. I remember watching a documentary on the discovery of keystone species and thinking to myself "this is it." Micromanaging our climates and ecosystems can be just as harmful as doing nothing at all. As much as the idea of colonizing Mars excites me, I understand that for at least the next hundred years Earth is the only planet for 99.99% of the population to live on. People are dying because of this. The death toll in Derna is over eleven thousand, while ninety-seven are dead in Lahaina. Practically half the world is in drought, and not enough is being done. I don't want to die in a world that is constantly on fire, with not enough crops to eat. I don't want to bring children into the world if they'll just grow up to see it crumple around them. And we can't afford to wait to act because enough generations have done that already.

First I'd have to go with Eleven because she's the only real counter to anything the Upside Down has to throw at Hopkins. The monsters are immune to bullets (because each season would be over in half the time otherwise) and the game plan when a monster attacks half the time is "run unless Eleven is there to delay for a few seconds and then run." When the newly corporeal Mind Flayer attacked the kids at Hopper's cabin is the perfect example. The only person that could actually do anything was Eleven. Joyce is my second pick because she's basically a detective and hasn't been wrong in anything major to date. She's always in the thick of things pushing what sound like conspiracy theories but never are, usually because Will is involved. She's also the adult with the most will to solve the threat and doesn't care what other people think when Will and the Upside Down are involved. Cover her house in lights like a crazy person? No problems. Fight Soviet assassins? All in a day's work. Fly to Russia to rescue Hopper? Is there any other option? It's rare to find somebody so willing to cross both supernatural forces and a global superpower with such little hesistation. Any group taking on the Upside Down needs a member so willing to give everything, and push the others to do so too. I was tempted to have Will as my third and final member because as long as he's in any danger Joyce is going to be popping off with the detective skills but on further reflection, Will isn't of much use. The exception to this is if he has some type of personal connection to the monster, but I'm going to assume that isn't the case for this essay. He certainly contributes otherwise, but it isn't anything invaluable. For most of the kids, you can swap one out for the other without gaining or losing much. Dustin can call in Suzie, Steve is handy with his club, and Nancy is also a good detective, but none of them have any huge deciding factor. I was also tempted to have Eddie just because Eddie's amazing and I would love to have somebody like that at my high school but for my third and final option, I have to choose Hopper. For starters, he has the connections. Hopper calls in Sam Owens at the end of season 3 with what appears to be a group of US Marines. Sure, they come in too late but it's still a nice option to have. He also brings a sense of experience and confidence to whatever group he's in. As a police officer, Hopper is a lot more comfortable and calm under pressure than anyone else from Hawkins. He also works very well with Joyce, so having both on the team is like having some sort of combo bonus. It's kind of an obvious choice, because what makes more sense? Chief of police, or a high schooler?