“Fly off home then, if that’s your heart’s desire. 190
I’ll not beg you to stay on my account.
I have others around to honour me,
especially all-wise Zeus himself.
Of all the kings Zeus cherishes, it’s you
I hate the most. You love constant strife—
war and combat. So what if you’re strong?
Some god gave you that. So scurry off home.
Take ships and friends. Go rule your Myrmidons. [180]
I don’t like you or care about your rage.
But I’ll make this threat: I’ll take your prize, 200
fair-cheeked Briseis. I’ll fetch her in person.
You’ll see just how much I’m the better man.
And others will hate to speak to me as peers,
in public claiming full equality with me.”
The underlying meaning of this tumultuous moment between Agamemnon and Achilles in Homer's The Iliad is that pride, kleos, and the fight for everlasting glory can lead important, powerful men to make decisions that hurt the greater good and cause a later distortion of the events, leaving the women to carry the blame for battle.
Agamemnon, in this moment, knows that to win the Trojan War, he needs support from Achilles and the Myrmidons. Achilles is also aware of this, but views the disrespect of Agamemnon taking his war prize, Briseis, as an insult to his rank and status as a king. He views this personal slight as reason enough to leave the war, despite knowing that his fellow countrymen will suffer because of the decision. Agamemnon views that he is also owed a war prize and that taking Achilles' prize is owed to him as the supreme Commander in Chief and king of Mykonos. Homer takes this response to Achilles' rage not only to show the high tension of the Greek camp but also to show the importance of kleos, glory, to the Greek kings. They viewed their conquest as a point of pride, and for them to be denied a prize for their conquest was seen as a devaluing of their skills in war. It was a slight for one king to receive a prize and another not to. Homer uses this passage to highlight how much the Greeks valued kleos, or pride and glory, above everything else. Achilles feels he was disrespected by Agamemnon, who threatened to take his prize from him, and the cost of that threat to his kleos is worth the loss of the war. Agamemnon similarly feels his kleos is worth more than winning the war with Achilles, the strongest of the Greek fighters.
Nowhere in The Iliad is this annunciated more than in this tense moment of two Greek kings clashing in their fight for kleos. The Trojan War is itself a fight for kleos between Paris, who can not stand to lose Helen, and Menelaus, who is slighted by his wife being stolen from him. This passage in itself is a small-scale, simplified view of the overall Trojan war; it is a battle between two kings for the ownership of a woman. Neither of these women has a say in the decision of their fate, but the clash between these kings for the glory of owning them is pushing blame onto them for moving between the two. Briseis is blamed for causing Achilles' rage to pull him from the fight, and Helen is blamed for leaving Menelaus for Troy. Homer is showing on a small scale the ramifications and human cost of what this fight for kleos can result in, but he is also showing how the story can then be twisted to place the blame away from the kings who cause the strife and onto the women who are treated as collateral damage because of the men who own their bodies.